A curated list of open data sources for machine learning research and projects. Popular Open Data Repositories OpenML — collaborative platform with thousands of datasets and benchmarks Kaggl...

A structured roadmap for going from Python beginner to expert, organised by skill level. Basic Variables and data types Basic data structures: lists, tuples, sets, dictionaries Boolean con...

The Hugging Face transformers library provides a unified API for loading, running, and fine-tuning pretrained models. The basic pipeline looks like this: (Raw text) → Tokenizer (input ids) → Model...

The transformer architecture [1] introduced in 2017 has become the backbone of virtually every modern language model. But not all transformers are built the same way. Depending on how you wire the ...

When adapting a large language model to a new domain, LoRA is usually the first tool researchers reach for. It is fast, memory-efficient, and works remarkably well for instruction fine-tuning. But ...